Origins of Ramadan

The name 'Ramadan' had been the name of the ninth month in Arabian culture long before the arrival of Islam; the word itself derived from an Arabic root rmḍ, as in words like 'ramiḍa' or 'ar-ramaḍ' denoting intense heat [2], scorched ground and shortness of rations. In the Qu'ran-e-Kareem, God proclaims that "fasting has been written down (as obligatory) upon you, as it was upon those before you".

According to the earliest hadith, this refers to the Jewish practice of fasting on Yom Kippur.[3][4]

Sometimes referred to as "the night of power", Laylat al-Qadr is considered the most holy night of the year, as it is the night in which the Qur'an was revealed to Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.) .[5] Muslims believe it to have occurred on an odd-numbered night during the last 10 days of Ramadān, either the night of the 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th or 29th (in Sunni thought) or the 19th, 21st or 23rd (in Shi'a thought). Ramadan ends with Eid ul-Fitr on the 1 of Shawwal, with much celebration and feasting. During the month following Ramadan, called Shawwal, Muslims are encouraged to fast for a further six days, known as as-Sitta al-Bīḍ, or "the white six." When fasting is over, Muslims go to Mosques in nice clothes to pray the first Eid prayer. They give out presents to the young ones and greet their friends and families. They then thank Allah for what Allah has given them.